After a grueling 25 years of legal wrangling, the Hon’ble Supreme Court ruled in favor of ISKCON Bangalore and officially recognized it as the legal owner of the Bangalore temple. But why did a dispute arise among ISKCON temples in the first place? And how did this battle stretch on for a quarter of a century? Let’s dive in.
Origins of the Dispute
In 2001, under the Karnataka Societies Registration Act, ISKCON Bangalore filed Case No. 7934/2001 in the Bangalore City Civil Court. The petition sought to recognize the Rajajinagar Hare Krishna Hill temple as an independent society managed entirely by its local committee, free from any administrative interference by ISKCON Mumbai.
Civil Court Judgment (2009)
After nine years of hearings, on 17 April 2009, the Civil Court ruled in favor of Bangalore, affirming that the long-standing local management was the rightful authority over the temple and that Mumbai must desist from intervening in its affairs.
High Court Reversal (2011)
Unhappy with this outcome, ISKCON Mumbai appealed to the Karnataka High Court (RFA No. 421/2009), arguing that Bangalore was merely a branch of the Mumbai temple. On 23 May 2011, the High Court reversed the Civil Court’s decision, holding that Bangalore had failed to establish true independence.
Supreme Court Intervention (2011)
ISKCON Bangalore then filed a Special Leave Petition in the Supreme Court (SLP No. 15814/2011). Recognizing the complexity, the Court on 6 June 2011 granted an interim order maintaining the status quo, preventing either side from taking over administration, and suggested mediation to resolve the dispute amicably.
Five Rounds of Mediation
On 28 March 2012, both parties appointed retired Justice R.V. Raveendran as mediator. Between 3 April 2012 and mid-2013, they convened five mediation rounds:
1. Full Mumbai Control
- Mumbai’s proposal: Bangalore temple fully under Mumbai’s control.
- Bangalore’s counter-condition: Srila Prabhupada must remain the sole initiating guru, with written assurance to the Supreme Court.
- Result: Rejected.
2. Dual Presidents
- Mumbai: One president each for Mumbai and Bangalore; finance under Mumbai, worship under Bangalore.
- Bangalore again accepted only with the guru-preservation condition.
- Result: Failed.
3. Expanded Mumbai Jurisdiction
- Mumbai: Include Bangalore plus Kanakapura Road, Mysore, and Hubli under its administration.
- Bangalore agreed, but insisted on preserving Prabhupada’s sole guru status.
- Result: Unsuccessful.
4. All-Temple Administration
- Mumbai: Bring all 16 independent Hare Krishna Movement temple trusts worldwide under Mumbai
- Bangalore accepted administration transfer but not compromise on the guru issue.
- Result: Stalemate.
5. Leadership Resignations
- Mumbai: Bangalore’s President (Sri Madhu Pandit Prabhu) and Vice-President (Sri Chanchalapathi Prabhu) resign.
- Bangalore agreed to resignations but refused to give up the principle of Prabhupada as sole guru.
- Result: Mediation collapsed.
Each round made one thing clear: Bangalore was willing to cede property and administrative control but would never compromise on the spiritual principle that Srila Prabhupada remain the sole initiatory guru.
A 60-Year Spiritual Backdrop
To understand why the guru issue was so non-negotiable, we must go back to 1965, when Srila Prabhupada traveled to America to spread the message of the Bhagavad Gita and Sanatana Dharma. On 13 July 1966, he registered the International Society for Krishna Consciousness (ISKCON) in New York.
• 1966–1977: Prabhupada built over 108 temples worldwide and initiated more than 10,000 disciples.
• 9 July 1977: Four months before his passing (14 November 1977), he issued a written directive to all temple presidents and the Governing Body Commission (GBC). In it, he decreed that all future initiates be regarded as his own disciples and that eleven “Ritvik” representatives would conduct initiation ceremonies on his behalf—but Prabhupada himself remained the guru.
However, immediately after his departure, those eleven Ritviks proclaimed themselves the next Acharyas and began initiating disciples in their own names. This ushered in what devotees refer to as ISKCON’s “Dark Period,” marked by self-made gurus, moral scandals, and the exodus of many original disciples.
Sri Madhu Pandit Prabhu’s Stand (1999)
In 1999, Sri Madhu Pandit Prabhu—an IIT Mumbai alumnus, Padma Shri awardee, and Chairman of Akshaya Patra—spoke out against the corrupt guru system. Overnight, he and other outspoken leaders were expelled from ISKCON.
Fortunately, Prabhupada had already ensured that the Bangalore temple was separately registered under the Karnataka Societies Registration Act. To preserve Srila Prabhupada’s directive that he alone be the initiatory guru, Sri Madhu Pandit Prabhu launched the legal battle that ultimately split ISKCON into two camps:
1. Followers of the Prabhupada-directed Ritvik system
2. Followers of the newly self-appointed guru system
Conclusion: Principle Over Property
This was never merely a property dispute. It was a profound struggle to defend Srila Prabhupada’s spiritual instructions and the purity of the guru-disciple tradition he established.
By declaring Srila Prabhupada the sole initiatory guru, ISKCON Bangalore upheld the very heart of Prabhupada’s mission—even at the cost of administrative control and personal sacrifice.
Hare Krishna!
